Unsupervised, Knowledge-Free, and Interpretable Word Sense Disambiguation

Interpretability of a predictive model is a powerful feature that gains the trust of users in the correctness of the predictions. In word sense disambiguation (WSD), knowledge-based systems tend to be much more interpretable than knowledge-free counterparts as they rely on the wealth of manually-encoded elements representing word senses, such as hypernyms, usage examples, and images. We present a WSD system that bridges the gap between these two so far disconnected groups of methods. Namely, our system, providing access to several state-of-the-art WSD models, aims to be interpretable as a knowledge-based system while it remains completely unsupervised and knowledge-free. The presented tool features a Web interface for all-word disambiguation of texts that makes the sense predictions human readable by providing interpretable word sense inventories, sense representations, and disambiguation results. We provide a public API, enabling seamless integration.Comment: In Proceedings of the the Conference on Empirical Methods on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP 2017). 2017. Copenhagen, Denmark. Association for Computational Linguistic

Unsupervised does not mean uninterpretable : the case for word sense induction and disambiguation

This dataset contains the models for interpretable Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) that were employed in Panchenko et al. (2017; the paper can be accessed at https://www.lt.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Group_LangTech/publications/EACL_Interpretability___FINAL__1_.pdf). The files were computed on a 2015 dump from the English Wikipedia. Their contents: Induced Sense Inventories: wp_stanford_sense_inventories.tar.gz This file contains 3 inventories (coarse, medium fine) Language Model (3-gram): wiki_text.3.arpa.gz This file contains all n-grams up to n=3 and can be loaded into an index Weighted Dependency Features: wp_stanford_lemma_LMI_s0.0_w2_f2_wf2_wpfmax1000_wpfmin2_p1000.gz This file contains weighted word--context-feature combinations and includes their count and an LMI significance score Distributional Thesaurus (DT) of Dependency Features: wp_stanford_lemma_BIM_LMI_s0.0_w2_f2_wf2_wpfmax1000_wpfmin2_p1000_simsortlimit200_feature expansion.gz This file contains a DT of context features. The context feature similarities can be used for context expansion For further information, consult the paper and the companion page: http://jobimtext.org/wsd/ Panchenko A., Ruppert E., Faralli S., Ponzetto S. P., and Biemann C. (2017): Unsupervised Does Not Mean Uninterpretable: The Case for Word Sense Induction and Disambiguation. In Proceedings of the 15th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL'2017). Valencia, Spain. Association for Computational Linguistics

Analysing domain suitability of a sentiment lexicon by identifying distributionally bipolar words

Abstract Contemporary sentiment analysis approaches rely heavily on lexicon based methods. This is mainly due to their simplicity, although the best empirical results can be achieved by more complex techniques. We introduce a method to assess suitability of generic sentiment lexicons for a given domain, namely to identify frequent bigrams where a polar word switches polarity. Our bigrams are scored using Lexicographers Mutual Information and leveraging large automatically obtained corpora. Our score matches human perception of polarity and demonstrates improvements in classification results using our enhanced contextaware method. Our method enhances the assessment of lexicon based sentiment detection algorithms and can be further used to quantify ambiguous words

Abstracts from the 8th International Conference on cGMP Generators, Effectors and Therapeutic Implications

This work was supported by a restricted research grant of Bayer AG

Analysing domain suitability of a sentiment lexicon by identifying distributionally bipolar words

Abstract Contemporary sentiment analysis approaches rely heavily on lexicon based methods. This is mainly due to their simplicity, although the best empirical results can be achieved by more complex techniques. We introduce a method to assess suitability of generic sentiment lexicons for a given domain, namely to identify frequent bigrams where a polar word switches polarity. Our bigrams are scored using Lexicographers Mutual Information and leveraging large automatically obtained corpora. Our score matches human perception of polarity and demonstrates improvements in classification results using our enhanced contextaware method. Our method enhances the assessment of lexicon based sentiment detection algorithms and can be further used to quantify ambiguous words

Inverted Polarity Bigram Lexicons

Sentiment prediction from Twitter is of the utmost interest for research and commercial organizations. Systems are usually using lexicons, where each word is positive or negative. However, word lexicons suffer from ambiguities at a contextual level: the word dark is positive in dark chocolate and negative in dark soul, the word lost is positive with weight and so on. We introduce a method which helps to identify frequent contexts in which a word switches polarity, and to reveal which words often appear in both positive and negative contexts. We show that our method matches human perception of polarity and demonstrate improvements in automated sentiment classification. Our method also helps to assess the suitability to use an existing lexicon to a new platform (e.g. Twitter)

Better things for everyday life – Design for everybody? : Gregor Paulsson and the Swedish Society of Arts and Crafts 1915–1925

This thesis is structured in six chapters. Chapter I contains an introduction and includes purpose, theory, method, and concepts. The main purpose, as depicted by the title, is to examine the roots of Swedish ideology concerning what today is generally named design, as embodied in the concept of more beautiful or better things for everyday life (in Swedish: ”vackrare vardagsvara”). Chapter II contains a background and includes philosophical ideas and aesthetic movements in Europe which have influenced the Swedish Society of Arts and Crafts (in Swedish ”Svenska Slöjdföreningen”, abbreviated SSF) which was later renamed the Swedish Society of Crafts and Design (in Swedish: ”Föreningen Svensk Form”). It considers these activities: the Arts and Crafts movement in England, the Swedish national romantic movement, Deutscher Werkbund in Germany, and Swedish moulders of public opinion and new ideas, like Ellen Key, Carl Larsson and Gregor Paulsson. Chapter III is an ideological biography of Gregor Paulsson. The chapter deals with biographical data and ideological development, and the social aesthetical texts which were important in his activity in the National Museum and as director of The Swedish Society of Arts and Crafts. Gregor Paulsson is considered mainly in his role as social aesthetical propagandist and museologist. Chapter IV concerns the early history and activities of the Swedish Society of Arts and Crafts seen as an introduction to the Baltic Exhibition 1914, and the subsequent schism which eventually led to its reorganization and a new ideological orientation. Its activities were directed towards increased cooperation between artists and industry, and a special department was established as an employment office for companies and designers under the management of the textile artist Elsa Gullberg. This chapter also includes a brief portrait of key persons in the Society. Chapter V is a study in several sections of the articles for everyday use seen in industrial practice, with Gustavsberg’s china factory and Orrefors’ glassworks as two separate historical studies. The 1917 Home Exhibition is surveyed as an example of the educational ambitions in the development of people’s taste. The focus of the chapter, however, is the international industrial art exhibition in Paris 1925, Exposition International des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes, and the debate about it in the Swedish and French press. Chapter VI consists of a concluding discussion with a final epilogue. It contains suggested questions for future research including relations between design and ethics